Via Tyler Cowen, a quote from Daniel Kahneman on why a sandwich made by someone else tastes better.
When you make your own sandwich, you anticipate its taste as you’re working on it. And when you think of a particular food for a while, you become less hungry for it later. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University, for example, found that imagining eating M&Ms makes you eat fewer of them. It’s a kind of specific satiation, just as most people find room for dessert when they couldn’t have another bite of their steak. The sandwich that another person prepares is not “preconsumed” in the same way.
Put aside the selection effect that conditional on a person making a sandwich for you, it is likely that they are a better sandwich maker than you. Even in a randomized sandwich trial the effect would be there but I have a different theory why:
A large part of tasting is actually smelling. You can verify this by, for example, eating an onion with your nose plugged. Our sense of smell tends to filter out persistent smells after being exposed to them for awhile so that we cannot smell them anymore. This means that when you are cooking in the kitchen, surrounded by the aromas of your food, you are quickly de-sensitised to them. Then when you sit down to eat, it is like tasting without smelling.
When your spouse has done the cooking you were likely in another room, isolated from the aromas. When you walk into the kitchen to eat, you get to smell and taste the food at the same time. That’s why it tastes better to you. The same idea applies to leftovers. It takes much less time to reheat leftovers than it took to prepare the food in the first place so you retain sensitivity to more of the aromas when it comes time to eat.
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October 17, 2011 at 4:49 pm
jeff
To distinguish my theory from Kahneman’s we need a new experiment. You make a sandwich in the kitchen for me and Sandeep. Sandeep is with you in the kitchen while you make it, enveloped in the aroma. I am in another room watching a live video of your sandwich-craft.
Then Sandeep and each eat half of the sandwich. According to Kahneman we both dislike the sandwich equally. According to me, I like it better than Sandeep.
October 18, 2011 at 5:46 am
Yuan
I like your explanation better than Prof. Kahneman’s. I guess that when you are smelling the food, the aroma brings your expectation of taste higher. Just like Inception, which is a very good movie, though I was very disappointed after seeing it, because I’ve heard so many bravos before going to the cinema.
October 18, 2011 at 12:44 pm
Assorted links — Marginal Revolution
[…] 1. A new theory of sandwich envy. […]
October 18, 2011 at 1:19 pm
Homer
I disagree with the premise, though I haven’t seen the data. My admittedly pathetic anecdotal evidence: my friend and I arrived at a party with food. Each of us had bought something we liked, and when we arrived we shared, but we also each went first for the item we’d brought. This seems to point things the other way, toward a preference for my own food…. Also, I feel better about cooked food when I know exactly what is in it. Food made by others is less appealing: for example, you pick up a chocolate chip cookie at a snack bar, and then you sit down and take a bite and realize it’s a raisin cookie. This never happens with food you make yourself!
October 18, 2011 at 4:29 pm
Foster Boondoggle
Does it have to be one or the other? Why not both?
October 18, 2011 at 5:15 pm
Indy
It’s not just the smell (though I think this helps explain why the food at restaurants with a small menu of fragrant food usually tastes disappointing proportional to the wait in the aroma-filled entryway). I usually taste what I’m cooking a few times while preparing it to finesse the recipe. If you serve that item quickly you’re not only desensitized but almost bored with it already. That’s not to mention that you’re also less hungry and have less “urgent anticipation” amplification of the experience.
Now there’s chemical and texture reasons that explain why some recipes “mature” and should be eaten long after preparation, but there are occasions when leftovers taste unaccountably better than the original article, and I think this “taste-smell surprise” has something to do with it.
Some of the very elite tony restaurants (e.g.) insist on serving lots of very tiny samples of flavors to constantly vary the flavor experience.
October 19, 2011 at 5:57 am
WNG
I’m a photographer(/economist). I never liked to look at my own photos (i.e. never on my display, screensaver…) but I always like to look at other people’s photos. Because they are shot by others, they are always fresh with pleasant unexpectedness for me.
October 19, 2011 at 8:59 am
Anonymous
1) I’m not at all sure that a prepared sandwich tastes better than a self-made one. I think they’re just better ingredients. To whit: I don’t like all prepared sandwiches more than a self-made one. Just some sandwich shops’.
2) If there is a difference, I think it’s that your brain flips out at not being able to touch the sandwich while someone else makes it. It think you might not get that sandwich. That person might keep that sandwich (as they did in prehistoric days). And so when you finally get it, you’re ravenous.
October 22, 2011 at 8:52 am
Lawrence M
I tend to agree with this comment the most. When I make a sandwich, I usually just get a vacuumed pack of the cheap stuff and it sits in my bag until lunch. If I go to a lunch joint, it usually has toasted bread or I get a panini.
Furthermore, my sis is great in the kitchen but when she makes me a sandwich, it tastes about the same as if I made it.
Lastly, if I make a tuna salad sandwich, it’s waaaaay better than whatever tuna salad sandwiches I’ve had at the shops.
Also, your example about leftovers puts holes in your theory. Leftovers are never as good as when it’s fresh.
October 19, 2011 at 9:29 am
Lones Smith
“When you make your own sandwich, you anticipate its taste as you’re working on it.”
This sounds like the theory of why you cannot tickle yourself!
October 19, 2011 at 10:10 am
jeff
offtopic: can i tickle you by holding your hand and using it to do the tickling?
October 19, 2011 at 12:01 pm
David Pinto (@StatsGuru)
I have had this happen to me with guests. I make my usual mundane sandwich, and get rave reviews.
October 19, 2011 at 11:15 pm
ASSORTED LINKS | Roger Kerr, New Zealand Business Roundtable Executive Director
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October 21, 2011 at 12:24 pm
Peter Buchanan
Yes, I do believe a sandwich tastes better when someone else makes it except maybe for PB&J.
October 21, 2011 at 4:50 pm
Barry Ritholtz (@ritholtz)
Anticipation of an event often delivers more pleasure (i.e., more dopamine) than the actual event itself. If you anticipate the sandwich as you make it, you are stealing pleasure from the actual consumption (versus merely consuming a 3rd party made sandwich).
Lottery winners rarely are made happy by their money, and many have said the happiest days of their lives was the time between winning the money (imagining/anticipating what they would do with the money) and when they actually received their winnings.
See this for some more color:
http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2011/10/ritholtz-your-brain-on-stocks-tbp-conference/
October 24, 2011 at 4:08 am
Tom
I can understand the logic here, and certainly explains why a lot of foods ‘seem’ to taste better cold than when they were first cooked
December 24, 2011 at 7:49 pm
flyguy6066@yahoo.com
That’s the funniest thing but now that you mention it, it really does make sense..As i think about it more though maybe this whole ‘satiation’ thing also applies to other things besides just food..the new high intensity training
February 29, 2012 at 10:07 pm
meeeeee
” And when you think of a particular food for a while, you become less hungry for it later.” lol no. when i want a food, i think about it forever until i get it. then i want it again.
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