In case you have not been following the catfight, let me get you up to speed. Chris Anderson wrote a book called Free. I haven’t read it, but it apparently says “all your ideas are belong to us” because the price of ideas is crashing to zero. Malcom Gladwell says “please don’t let my employer read that”…I mean, “No its not.”
Let’s have a model. There are tiny ideas and big ideas. The tiny ideas are more like facts, or observations or experiences. They are costless to produce but costly to communicate. They are highly decentralized in that everybody produces their own heterogenous tiny ideas. The big ideas are assembled from a large quantity of tiny ideas. Different people have different production technologies for producing big ideas from small ones. These could differ just in cost, or also in terms of the quality of big ideas that are produced, it changes the story a little but doesn’t change the economics.
Start with a world where the marginal cost of communicating a tiny idea to another individual is large. Then the equilibrium market structure has big-idea producers who incur the high cost of acquiring tiny ideas, assemble them into big ideas and communicate the big ideas to the masses for a price. This market structure sustains high prices for big ideas and sustains entry by big-idea specialists.
Now suppose the marginal cost of communicating the tiny ideas shrinks to zero. Then an alternative for end users is to assemble their own big ideas for their own consumption out of the tiny ideas they acquire themselves for close to nothing. The cost disadvantage that the typical end user has is compensated by his ability to customize his palette of tiny ideas and resulting big ideas to complement his idiosyncratic endowment of other ideas, tastes, etc. The price of big ideas crashes. Former producers of big ideas exit the market. This is all efficient.
An important implication of this model is that the products that Anderson expects to be free are not the products Gladwell produces. So when Gladwell says that this is absurd because the economics do not support big ideas being sold at a price of zero, he is right. But that is because the big ideas are not being sold at all, and this is all efficient.

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July 2, 2009 at 9:07 am
Alex
The strongest evidence against the “Free” argument, at least as it’s presented in the catfight (I haven’t read the book either) is the iPhone App Store. Why are people so willing to pay for software on the iPhone, when they’re not willing to pay for it on the web or even, to a great extent, on the desktop? It’s not that hard to jailbreak an iPhone and install pirated copies of the apps or install a bunch of unsanctioned free apps. One of my friends did it in about half an hour. So why don’t more people?
I think it might be that Apple has made the transaction cost so low. If you want to install an app, you click the install button. The app installs itself, and a few seconds later, you can use it. If you want to buy software on the desktop, or premium web content, you have to fish in your wallet for your credit card, type in 20 numbers, enter your billing address, etc. I would definitely pay $5 a month for the full, ad-free version of the New York Times if all I had to do was press a button. If I have to deal with a credit card, I probably will just Google the pirated version.
I think there’s still plenty of market for packaged big ideas – I don’t want to cobble together my own Twitter client, or go out and find 30 good independent journalists and figure out whether or not their fact checkers are any good. I don’t want the burden of cobbling together the 5 most interesting stories out of the millions of “Why does bottled water have an expiration date?” posts that win on sites like Digg. I would rather pay $5 for a good Twitter client and $5 for the New York times to do that cobbling for me. Just make it easy for me to pay.
July 2, 2009 at 6:46 pm
mike
Other vendors are not allowed to make it that easy.
Apple can only do that because they licensed 1-click from Amazon: http://www.apple.com/legal/itunes/us/terms.html#SALES
That’s the real model. Give the big ideas away for free, but patent them first.
July 8, 2009 at 10:01 pm
Lones Smith
In related news, I showed with Giuseppe Moscarini in 2002 (“The Law of Large Demand for Information”) that demand for Bayesian information bits becomes logarithmic at very prices. To wit, the elasticity is less than one, and thus a seller with market power would not set price equal to marginal cost but would sell information access as a bundled service (this extension was sliced as part of the usual inane “squeeze-the-economic-juice-and-helpful-prose-out” revision process at Econometrica).
July 9, 2009 at 2:50 pm
jeff
lones, thanks for your contribution.